For example, in the nr 1 economy in Europe, Germany, the figure dropped since the 80s, and all of this is well before renewables ramped up (which are still tiny). Same with the nr 2, the UK, also dropped, and the nr 3, France. I haven't bothered looking further. All these countries grew in size somewhat btw.
In part it's because of new efficiencies, in part because of shifting industries away from industrial towards services.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demography_of_Japan
http://www.indexmundi.com/energy.aspx?country=jp&product=oil...